Types of Mortgages Available in the Indian Real Estate Market

Introduction to Types of Mortgages

Knowing about different types of mortgages in India is important when buying a house. There are many options to suit different financial situations. This guide will explain various types of mortgages you can apply for. 

Simple Mortgage

A simple mortgage is just what it sounds like - simple. You borrow money and promise your property as security. If you can't pay back the loan, the lender can sell your property to get their money back. You keep using the property while paying off the loan. 

English Mortgage

In an English mortgage, you temporarily give ownership of your property to the lender. You promise to pay back the loan by a certain date. If you pay back on time, you get your property back. If you don't, the lender keeps it. 

Usufructuary Mortgage

You give the lender the right to use your property and earn money from it until you repay the loan. The lender can rent it out or use it to make profits instead of charging you interest. You still own the property on paper. 

Mortgage by Conditional Sale

This is like selling your property to the lender, but with conditions. If you pay back the loan as agreed, the sale is cancelled and you keep your property. If you can't pay, the lender gets to keep the property.

Anomalous Mortgage

This is a catch-all term for any mortgage that doesn't fit into the usual categories. It allows for creative or unusual arrangements between borrowers and lenders. If you have a unique situation that needs a special kind of mortgage, it might fall under this type.

Mortgage by the Sale of Title Deed

You give the property's ownership documents to the lender as security, but you keep using the property. It's often quicker to set up than other types. The lender doesn't take possession of your property, they just hold the papers as security.

Commercial Mortgage

This is for buying business properties like shops or offices, not homes. You usually need to pay more upfront (25-50%) and pay back faster than a home loan. It can be more expensive and have stricter rules than home loans. 

Equitable Mortgage

This is a less formal way to use your property as security for a loan. You don't officially transfer ownership to the lender, but you give them the property papers. It's not registered officially, which makes it faster and more flexible. 

Balloon Mortgage

With a balloon mortgage, you start with small monthly payments, but at the end of the loan term, you have to pay a large lump sum. It's easier to qualify for and has lower interest rates at first. 

Registered Mortgage

This is a formally recorded agreement. If you can't repay the loan, the lender gets the right to take and sell your property. It's officially registered with authorities, making it very clear and legally strong. The official registration makes everything clear for both sides.

Conclusion

The Indian real estate market offers a wide range of mortgage options to cater to the diverse needs of borrowers. Understanding the various mortgage types available can help individuals make informed decisions based on their financial goals, property requirements, and repayment capacity. Borrowers must compare interest rates, loan terms, and eligibility criteria from different lenders to choose the most suitable mortgage option. 
 

Frequently Asked Questions

1. Can I avail of a construction loan for renovation purposes?

Ans: Construction loans are typically intended for borrowers constructing a new property on a plot of land. 

2. Can I prepay a loan against a property or a top-up loan?

Ans: Most lenders allow borrowers to prepay loans against property or top-up loans either partially or in full. 

3. What is a Mortgage?

Ans:  A loan secured by property, typically used to finance home purchases.

3. What is a fixed-rate mortgage?

Ans:  A mortgage with an interest rate that remains constant throughout repayment.

4. What is a joint home loan?

Ans: A mortgage is shared by two or more borrowers, often family members.

5. Can NRIs (Non-Resident Indians) apply for mortgages in India?

Ans:  Yes, NRIs can apply for mortgages in India with specific conditions.